Human Factors and Ergonomics Guidance

Human factors and ergonomics focus on designing work systems, tools, and environments to fit the capabilities and limitations of people. By understanding how humans interact with their workplace, employers can reduce errors, prevent injuries, and improve productivity and well-being.

What Are Human Factors?

Human factors consider the psychological, cognitive, and physical aspects of workers in the workplace. This includes perception, decision-making, stress, fatigue, and workload. Understanding these factors helps prevent errors, accidents, and inefficiencies.

What is Ergonomics?

Ergonomics is the study of designing workplaces, equipment, and tasks to fit the worker. Proper ergonomics reduces strain, discomfort, and risk of musculoskeletal injuries, enhancing both safety and productivity.

Main Hazards Related to Poor Human Factors and Ergonomics

  • Musculoskeletal injuries: Caused by poor workstation setup, repetitive tasks, or incorrect manual handling.
  • Fatigue and stress: High workload, long hours, and poor task design can lead to physical and mental fatigue.
  • Error-prone environments: Complex systems or unclear processes can increase the likelihood of mistakes.
  • Workplace accidents: Poorly designed equipment or tasks can contribute to slips, trips & falls and other incidents.

Safe Working Practices

  • Design workstations, tools, and workflows to suit the worker’s capabilities.
  • Provide adjustable seating, proper lighting, and ergonomic equipment where necessary.
  • Encourage regular breaks and job rotation to reduce fatigue and repetitive strain.
  • Train staff in correct lifting techniques and posture for their specific roles.
  • Implement checklists and systems to reduce human error in high-risk tasks.

Legal Requirements

Employers have a duty under the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 and other regulations to ensure the health, safety, and welfare of employees. This includes considering human factors and ergonomics when designing tasks, equipment, and environments.

Control Measures and Risk Assessment

  • Conduct ergonomic risk assessments to identify potential hazards.
  • Implement engineering controls, such as adjustable workstations and anti-fatigue flooring.
  • Provide training on human factors awareness, ergonomics, and safe work practices.
  • Monitor staff health and adjust safety systems of work to prevent strain or injury.
  • Encourage employee feedback on workspace design and task management.

Training and Competence

All personnel should receive training on human factors and ergonomics relevant to their role, including:

  • Recognising and mitigating fatigue and stress.
  • Safe manual handling and posture awareness.
  • Understanding human error and error-reduction strategies.
  • Using ergonomic tools and adjustable workstations effectively.

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